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Purpose: To activate the sprinkler system automatically at a particular external temperature.
Working:At the heart of all modern Fire Sprinklers is a heat-sensitive glass bulb. The bulb is filled with a glycerin based liquid dyed different colors depending on temperature and sealed leaving one small vapor bubble remaining. During a fire ceiling temperatures rise rapidly. The liquid absorbs the heat until it exceeds a specific temperature– most commonly 155° Fahrenheit - at which time the vapor shrinks and the liquid expands until the bulb breaks and activates the sprinkler with a gush of flame-retarding water.
For eg: Red colored liquid inside the bulb would indicate that the bulb will burst at 68 Deg Celcius and activate the sprinkler.
The time it takes for a bulb is dependent on temperature and bulb size. Bulbs are produced in two common sizes: 3 millimeter (mm) diameter or Quick Response and 5mm or Standard Response. A 3 mm bulb will break faster than a 5 mm bulb, though the time is measured in milliseconds and there is no discernable safety risk from using one versus the other. All Residential Fire Sprinklers are Quick Response bulbs.
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Fire Sprinklers are commonly referred to by their bulb’s maximum temperature and are color coded.
· Orange: 135°F (58°C)
· Red: 155°F (68°C)
· Yellow: 175°F (80°C)
· Green: 200°F (94°C)
· Blue: 286°F (141°C)
· Purple: 360°F (182°C
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