Principles of Welding: Processes, Physics, Chemistry, and Metallurgy (Hardcover)
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A comprehensive guide to avoiding hydrogen *****ing which serves as an essential problem-solver for anyone involved in the welding of ferritic steels. The authors provide a lucid and thorough explanation of the theoretical background to the subject but the main emphasis throughout is firmly on practice.
Contents
Defining the problem
- Hydrogen-induced *****ing in welds
- Factors responsible for *****ing and their control
- Detection and identification
Guidance on safe welding procedures by graphical methods
- Low hardenability steels
- High hardenability steels
- The choice of method
- Joint simulation testing
Selecting values for graphical presentation
- Chemical composition
- Carbon equivalent level
- Precision of the CE formulae
- Effects of sulphur
- Welding dissimilar metals
- Hydrogen potential of the consumable
- Selection of carbon equivalent axis
- Combined thickness of the joint
- Heat input
- Preheat and interpass temperature
- Postheat
- Fit-up
- Misalignment
- Multirun welds
- Tack welds
Welding procedures for different steel types
- Mild steel
- Carbon manganese steels
- Lower carbon, lean alloy steels
- Medium carbon and carbon-manganese steels
- Alloy steels
- High carbon, plain and alloy steels
- Machinable grades of steel
Removing hydrogen during welding and heat treatment
- Construction of hydrogen removal curves
- Simplification of weld joint geometry
- Material thickness
- Heat treatment temperature and choice of the valve for D
- Choice of value for total original hydrogen level
- Use of hydrogen removal curves in practice
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