- the usual reasons for differences between synthetic seismogram and the real seismic are much, such as :
1- unconditioned logs.
2- bad calibration of sonic log.
3- bad wavelt extraction or using conventional wavelet.
4- wrong frequency and/or phase matching.
6- using zero offset method or wrong stacking.
7- prsence of seismic problems in real seismic (multiples, wrong stacking velocity, bad migration , bad deconvolution)
8- some processing parameters could effect part of seismic section more than others.
to find anomaly layer , look at sonic log , find high or low velocity layers , check if this layer (or layers) present in all wells with the same thickness. if no , create thickness maps for anomalous layers and expect their effect
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